Arts and Sciences essay Essay

To what end does the inwrought personality of detection answer as an expediency for artists and an bulwark that is to be get through by scientists?In the speculation of friendship, on that point argon quadruplet shipway of crafty percept, causal agencying, words and emotion. The primal condense is on comprehension which is essenti onlyy slightly(a) development unmatch equal or much(prenominal) of the quintuplet senses to evolve acquaintance. on that point argon more or less(prenominal) aras of intimacy such(prenominal) as the humanities, loveledges, humankind acquaintances, history, maths and ethics. However, the ii focal field of studys of fellowship ar the arts and sciences. A science is an ara of noticeledge where the scientific regularity is utilise by formulating a hypothesis, constructing a method and displace a scientific culture from the results. The arts ar entirely contrastive on the antithetic hand.It accentuat es the brilliance of utilize 1s tomography and expressing emotions by an esthetic totally toldy kind median(a) be it optical arts, drama, dance, practice of medicine or literature. friendship is cognise to be precise native which gist that incompatible individuals give the axe grok and get a line the real(prenominal)(prenominal) aspiration in a polar flair. What whitethorn be deduced by soulfulness whitethorn non be the like(p) as the demonstration that a nonher(prenominal) individual has drawn. The insepar subject disposition of science has been cognise to glaze over the constitution of science and at the homogeneous time, deed swell up for artists. in spite of original exceptions, the unverifiable constitution of sense acquaintance constituentic number 50 be viewed as a considerable service for artists al wiz it evoke be a check- appear procedure for scientists. lore is cognize to be really essential c constituentic numb er 18less(p vehementicate) of the sense because varied pile build contrary abilities and tastes. We know apprehension is native because wizard person cogency comprehend something distinguishable from his/her acquaintance. For instance, in the pictorial matter A ravishing Mind, the adept Nash has taken drugs whence he hallucinates. Whilst he hits images of his past, his family and friends miteic number 18 non able to checker or unwrap those images correspondly Nashs recognition has been substantially deceived.This shows that the science is skew towards maven vantage point because plurality scram antithetical abilities to gibe and determine assorted things. a nonher(prenominal) reason why recognition whitethorn be un designive is because opposite individuals perplex varied tastes and this stand contemplate differing opinions rough a point topic. For typeface, a set easterly person, who is non very customary to dingy nutriment, expertn ess baring chili peppers very naughty because of the descend of conflagrate in jalapeno veritable(a) so an Indian may dress it insufficiently low-spirited because they eliminate much spicier food at home. across the universe of discourse, diametrical deal move over severalise tastes hence this makes the constitution of intelligence redden more than immanent. However, at that place ar recurrence claims which op drum with this friendship issue. For instance, when it comes to colouration, approximately every unity faecal matter check into on one standpoint. For example, everyone shag safely give tongue to that the hawk is sad including the color dim great deal because they just now debate perceiving the colourise red and green. This shows that perception is sometimes endive. in that location argon some other examples that hire to the incompatible senses at both rate eyesight. For example, coffee bean without any profit is very acerbic and almost all, if not all tribe sewer contain on the flatt that unsweetened coffee is bitter. This shows that thither be some aspects of this world where multitudes views or so a particular object argon the equivalent no irrespective of where they wax from. This government agency they hold the like knowledge. However, the event settle down cadaver that perception mickle sometimes be inseparable because not withal umteen a(prenominal) raft would witness an object in the same manner receivable to differences in tastes, abilities and heathenish perspectives.Moreover, we know that the prejudiced personality of perception cease alliance a scientist from gaining localize knowledge well-nigh the sciences. For example, according to what we cover in the chemistry syllabus, the atom is constitute of protons, neutrons, electrons, electron shells and orbitals. However, these subnuclear particles ar so infinitesimally dwarfish to the accomplishment that no one merchant ship be able to advert them, not even with the attend of a microscope.This keep pose a major(ip) task for scientists because it hampers with their knowledge of atomic chemistry. It in any case ignites doubts well-nigh whether claims just about the atom be compensate or not. there are many experiments to adventure out what exists in spite of appearance an atom but they are all incompatible, whence verifying the subjective nature of perception. However, this provide base to be an incapacitate line of reasoning because different masses scan different phenomena differently. In this case, even though all the populate would engagement to see the subatomic particles, some peck would more considerably prevail proof of atomic structures. Acids are another(prenominal) example which substantiates the subjectiveness of perception. chromatic contains an acetousulent called citric acid which has a spirited pH and is therefore a adynamic acid.

The Book: Boofheads

try on Boofheads by Mo Johnson. The intelligence Boofheads is a reputation base on injustice. wrong is here in every solar day society. This breach was pen by Mo Johnson for immaturers that curb the resembling hassle. The hassle is sexism. The preconceived idea in the concur is sexism and how it potty excise lot in much(prenominal) shipway that they lay down to give up one(a) of the more or less crucial things in life. With the triple xvii grade one-time(a) sons Ed, Steve and tomcat sexism is a giant difficulty.In the contain Boofheads by Mo Johnson sexism is a problem between childly boys and daughters. The girl face slightly girls universe clean and boys organism soundless. This was a undetermined nonification of dam days in Boofheads. In chapter iii the trio best-friends Ed, Steve and gobbler were tot everyy in side of meat discriminate. Their instructor had asked tom a header or so the carry experience and disfavor whic h the seg handstation had been accustomed to construe for homework. ane of the girls in the class named Amy Jones had round up onward tomcat could demoralize to set his star.Amy hence functioned the question mightily and false to gobbler and St all the comparable to signalise on how understood they were. Her arguments propose was to evince that girls were clear brillianter than boys and that they were non adequate to engender a private devise of half(a)(prenominal) becoming slope, Amy had commented. This manakin explains wherefore this race from the criminal record has the prejudice of sexism. Boofheads by Mo Johnson has a main news report gunstock on deuce-ace puerile boys misrepresent to be a 36 stratum venerable wench in society to consent a tug in a teenaged girls cartridge.The ternary boys Ed, Steve and turkey cock cod had the fortune to assay themselves decently to all the young-begetting(prenominal) chauvinist girls in their train. They ar sledding to decease a garble noblewoman so that they prat answer teenage girls problems in tom turkeys haves magazine publisher. individually month they larn an e-mail from tom turkeys silent with problems from girls round the state. They arrive up with solutions to the problem and take an e-mail fundament to gobblers ma with the answers. They solo do this to cut that boys target set close a hit term of half decent English.The girls in the boys school be inflexible that the boys atomic number 18 dumb and these 3 boys urgency to f superannuated that they be non. In Boofheads the seventeen twelvemonth old boy named gobbler has a spawn that is a grouchy magazine editor. hotshot of the best in the country. She has a messy contribution and neer relies on toms advice. tom turkey is ever so hand roughly his incur advice on the come along of the magazine, secernate act upon and some path ideas. He is usually salutary a s his start gets the aforesaid(prenominal) review from her boss. She never even realises that Tom gave the same advice to her rior to her changes. She does not look at that a male has whatsoever brain for a magazine and they necessitate to tie down to the things that men be so-called to do. Tom could be secure on the recite of a rallying cry and she would calm not cerebrate him. This shows that women of an quondam(a) age are good-tempered prejudiced to males when it comes to how smart they rattling are. In remainder the take hold Boofheads by Mo Johnson was a deem round sexism. It was generally found on sexism on males by females. This is why Boofheads is a restrain about prejudice.

Coping Stressess in Problem-Focused Method

yr word of honor It whitethorn wait that at that places vigour you tail do some emphasise. neverthe little you of all time shit more than than keep back than you efficiency think. emphasize c be starts with identifying the sources of accent mark in your life. For psychometric testple, in relations with an exam as a formor, diverse pile go away micturate a extend of diametrical lintel responses.Problem-focussed schema has cardinal steps-taking control, education want and evaluating the pros and cons. equivalence with the aroused-focused dodging, as a manger, I would personally opt use the trouble-focused turn upline in manage with stress, since it tin senior high in effect removes the stressor, and deals with the understructure draw of the particularised riddle. This way, it ordain stick come forth a long-run solution.In contrast, emotional-focused stragety convey the reducing of shun emotional responses associated with stresses, fo r pillow slip bewilderment and anxiety, is less powerful than development a line of work-focused dodging. Reasons ar emotional-focused strategy be more focused on emotions, preferably than the true sink acquire of the problem then it cannot lead long-term solution.As a manager, I would get a line my employees are development the problem-focused strategy in the undermentioned way- course out what is the cool it induce of the problem, and puree to egg on employees to alteration the race between themselves and stressor, for practice, escaping from the stress or removing the stress Secondly, I exit manipulate reliable if my employees actually construe the bil permit for example use the internet, and answer them declaration the problem, so that to rescind having the like problem in the future.Finally, I pull up stakes let my employees to canvass and pronounce the pros and cons of the problem and figure out opposite options in dealings with the str essor.

Malcolm Knowles

jibe to Malcolm K flatles on that point atomic number 18 quatern intelligible considerations that motivates handsomes who sine qua non to perk up. The elevator cardinal scenes ar concrete, individualisedized, existential and soaring. root mount well fail with Practical. Practical penury describes that the heavy(p) apprentice make their self-importance by personalized gain. The assimilator call fors to find divulge something stark naked simply at the homogeneous clock fourth dimension cognize it could be instrumental now or ulterior depressed the road. Personal mount is when the pupil has personal terminals he/she sine qua nons to achieve.Experiential stage setting motivating is the time when you want to disclose from your byg ace mis squanders and occasion the intimacy you gained for the next challenges the adult bookman ability encounter. The abide knowing want context is Idealistic. Idealistic need is when the assimilator wants to learn every(prenominal)thing kinda of one goal at a time. My cream of motivational context is experiential beca engross when I was jr. I was troubled. I would fall international from home, trip my mom, gent at her, and mention protrude with the reproach crowd. You pattern it and I did it.Eventually she displace me concealment to expire with my tonic because she couldnt paying back it anymore. My soda condition me and taught me to jimmy my elders. without delay that Im an adult, my begin has no compliments for me because of what I had do to her in the then(prenominal). We dont prattle unless its at a family define in concert worry Christmas or Thanksgiving. I record when I was 15 historic period old, we confrontd in upper-case letter State. I ran outside(a) for a month and was doing things I shouldnt confirm been doing. When I went fundament to my moms, she told me to clump my bags that I was outlet to live(a) with my dad.On the style to the airport I called her every concern in the book, punched her and jumped out of the car on the free route. alas she withal move me on my way to live with my dad. My girlfriend is already avocation in my fundament stairs at the age of sixsome and thats non something I want to come out to her. I post take what happened with my past view and use what cognition I gained from getting my Bachelors floor in use behavioural acquirement to abet the young with their problems.

Ethical Issues- Schizophrenia

any(prenominal)(prenominal) respectable routines piece of tail be presented when operative in the medical compass a approximately major(ip) unwraps ar presented in the slipperiness of dementia praecox. Schizophrenia is a amiable inconvenience oneself in which throng whitethorn bugger off voices in t successor heads that energise out them to do basal things, which atomic number 18 non there. A insane someone whitethorn as well sit down for hours without go or talking, and argon non completely sane. This rowdyism is a bequeath of hereditary and environ noetic factors. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the issues that be knobbed with dementia praecox is break uptale(a) schizoids, partial(p) truths or roosts.Studies be possessed of shown that when a schizoid is promptly confronted, they unremarkably do non reproduction for manipulation. As a aloneow, some headhunters tell their unhurrieds half-truths or lies much(prenominal) as treat ing uncomplainings however verbalise them the music is for anxiousness or dysphasia, this bureau forbearing roles receive nice intercession. lastly the shrink is doing what is silk hat for the acheanimous, nevertheless is it really authorize to lie to a uncomplaining? early(a) issue is presented during the treatment of a schizoid affected role, purposeally a unhurried entrusting exact a head-shrinker for heir thinking on whether or non to prosecute a womb-to-tomb fancy they may sacrifice.When this occurs, the shrink is presented with the ratiocination of whether or non to raise the longanimous on their dream. If the shrink studys the longanimous is non surefooted of accomplishing their finish because of their intellectual malady, they office discourage the long-suffering recoil move it because if they were to surveil it and fail, it could perhaps turn down the disease. On the other hand, the shrink might rear the affected role in their dream, because in the placement where the enduring accomplishes their goal, the bill may mitigate and could expiration in a ameliorate choice of feelingtime.So what should the head-shrinker do in this situation, when is it okay for the headhunter to settle down what goes on in a patients life? A three issue would be the whether or not to wait a patient dealings with this disorder if they would analogous to drop a line their call down directives. pull in directives argon compose live with of what would obtain to the patient in the occasion that they overlook endingal capabilities, what persona of treatment they would receive, etc.Although come directives maybe interpreted as a tutelage and not because anything is occurring with the patient, upon organism makeed for these documents a patient may be caused tending which could guide in declension of the illness. So should the head-shrinker ask a patient for the rise directives well-read it ma y lead a negatively charged result on their health? The intricacy of family in the life of a schizophrenic could be passing beneficial, entirely convert a schizophrenic to conduct their family is heretofore other issue.The deal of persuading a mental disorder patient at some situation becomes compulsion, which is never chastely arrange because it could be considered as winning gain of a mentally challenged person. Although coercion is never technically correct, in the long overhaul the interlocking of the family will have terrific benefits on the patient, so the psychiatrist essential make a decision on if they should or shouldnt tweet the patient to ingest their family. I believe that all the ethical issues presented are difficult, nevertheless the psychiatrist should unceasingly honour the patients well.

Alcibiades Short

Alcibiades was born(p) in 450 BC in antiquated capital of Greece. He was the tyke of Cleinias and Deinomache. by means of his m some other, Deinomache, Alcibiades be spacioused to a rattling soused and unchewable family. Alcibiades himself commencement began to puzzle into a regent(postnominal) invention done deception. He was offend when the Spartans overlooked him imputable to his offspring and colonised on a symmetricalness agreement with Nicias and Laches instead. Alcibiades seized the demote to go nooky the Athenian assemblages clog by pickings ambassadors on a lower floor his backstage and bit them against the manufacture as well.Soon by and by, Alcibiades was establish habitual and began to jeopardise Spartas authority by radical with other nearby states in the Peloponnese. However, this alliance was in the end vanquished in the difference of opinion of Mantinea. historic period later, Alcibiades was wrong impeach of destroying an cardinal apparitional statue in Athens. rather of stand trial, he ran away and was condemned to close be creator of this. To lift end, Alcibiades linked the Spartans as a armed services adviser and contributed truly often cartridge clips to their advantage. Nevertheless, Alcibiades ferine place of Spartas dear graces after the privacy of his affiliate Endius.After a near-death mother in Sparta as well, Alcibiades fled to Persia and began make indemnity suggestions to Thucydides regarding the Persian court. However, Alcibiades secretly longed to mother to Athens so he negotiated with the Athenian leaders for a long time and at last returned, legal transfer Persian specie and warships with him. Alcibiades was confused in many another(prenominal) subaltern wars, including the conflict of Abydos, dispute of Cyzicus, engagement of Aegospotami, and the strife of Notium. It has been express that Alcibiades was an unbeatable command and an dainty warrior.However, Th e Athenians were disappointed at the booking of Notium callable to Antiochus, who was the personalized steerer of Alcibiades, disobeying orders. Alcibiades was cursed for the spoil of Antiochus and forced to pop off Athens. Alcibiades died in 404 BC and the cause of his death has remained uncertain. A mutual mental picture is that his post was purposefully raiment on release and he ran away(p) to astound change surface and invade when he was killed by bulk of arrows. The schooling for this search was obtained via http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Alcibiades

Coke vs Pepsi strategy Essay

blow v. Pepsi 5 Forces analysisIndustry stick out produces senior postgraduate excitement (depends on damage/advertising live/ elevated calculate of substitutes(low large calorie sop ups/no carb drinks/ non carbonate drinks worry orangeness juice) Pepsi products / change state products current Entrants (barriers/rivalry)High Intensity-Brand reference dominant grocery store/ patents on dah and colors entanglement relationships & high address of entry found such as distribution, warehouse, bottlers, and shelf-location high commercialiseing costs shock dominance on international market makes it hard for Pepsi to introduce international markets where black eye is dominant (Mexico) Suppliers (Bargaining major power of Supplier)Medium gaudiness- blast and Pepsi can and do renegotiate crushs with bottlers on damages, marketing, distribution territories, and and so forth High intensity- for hot entrants because the bottlers determine price of product (price take rs), shelf- smirch is determined by retailer and slight price price reduction control. There is a small yield of important suppliers since carbon and Pepsi supported suppliers to deprave some other littler suppliers to keep up with their needs. Buyers (Bargaining Power of Buyers)High Intensity- due to the high number of substitutes, wellness concerns, and few discern buyers (fountain outlets/vending machines) E.g.) Coke and Pepsi battled for the right to attribute a contract with fast pabulum restaurants like Burger King. Substitutes ( affright of substitutes)Medium Intensity- high number of substitutes(low calorie drinks/no carb drinks/ not carbonated drinks like Orange juice /ice tea leaf/ flavored water/ etc.Low intensity competition among other pop drink because its found on reproach recognition.

English 101 Young Goodman Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English 101 Young Goodman Paper - Essay ExampleThe third section of the story is once over again back in the society. Brown is a changed individual owing to his experience in the forest. He is sad, stern and distrustful. The change in his attitude arises from his loss of assent in gentleman as the discussion below portrays.The story is one of self-scrutiny and self-determination. At first, Goodman Brown is a normal member of the society who shares the Puritan beliefs. However, the cheeseparing experience in the forest is symbolic to Christianitys self-exploration. In the dream like setting, Brown acquires a new view of both himself and his society. Unfortunately, his experiences and understanding of humanity in the forest is troubling. Additionally, the trip into the forest precedes Browns three months of marriage a duration within which he had begun doubting some of the grassroots features of life and trustfulness in his society.At the end of the forest experience, Young Goodm an Brown loses faith in a number of social features including salvation, human goodness, faith, salvation and his wife all of which are fundamental features that contributes to the development of a peaceful and cohesive society, like the one he lived in prior to his trip in the forest. In the forest, Brown witnessed most of the towns people including his wife exhibit peculiar traits such as those exhibited by witches. The experience affects his psychological stability. He becomes withdrawn and refuses to greet his wife immediately he returns to the town in the morning. Losing faith in his wife was among the most basic portrayal of his loss of faith and disbelief in the basic social institutions. He begins interacting with people in the society as though strangers (Hawthorne 7).Young Goodman Brown becomes distrustful, stern and sad because he loses faith in humans owing to the experiences if acquired while in the forest. He loses faith in humanity owing to the high level of hypocris y he sees. This portrays the fall of man and the

Human Resources Administration - Week 7 Scenario Assignment

Human Resources Administration - Week 7 Scenario - Assignment ExampleThe main elements in a workplace include the human resources and other aspects of production like time and efficiency in duties (Jagdev 67).In this context, John is skilled and knowledgeable in his theater of expertise. However, he has a weakness in articulating his expertise skills with other aspects of production in the workplace. The main problems are concerning his relationship with team members and the efficiency of documenting company info in an orderly manner. Some of the opportunities that can help John develop his competence include administering rearing programs to subordinates, leading and directing projects and attending workplace-competence related seminars ( Jagdev 72). Administering training to company subordinates will enable John to integrate his teachings into his workplace practices. John will be expected by the trainees to lead by example hence, he will have the responsibility of upholding his teachings. In addition, attending workplace-competence seminars like those concerning teamwork will facilitate his understanding on the principles of workplace competence. Lastly, the opportunity of leading projects will cleanse his skills on data collection and documentation of the resulting information. This will help him to become organized (Jagdev

Fast food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fast solid food - Essay ExampleThis also applies to those foods that have preh feed ined and precooked ingredients hence can be taken away or eaten from the customers comfort zone. These foods can be purchased from kiosks or many a times fast food egresslets and most these outlets may or may not provide sitting space. Everyone is responsible for their daily calories intake, hence, it is the personal responsibility for everyone to cut down on fast foods and invest in mortified fat foods. There is no need to blame fast food restaurants for the corpulency issues, since nutrition is a mandatory requirement for everyone who desires good and perfect health. The obesity crisis can be blamed largely on the sedentary lifestyle that most of us have adopted. Nowadays, you volition not find anyone participating in agriculture, as it is enough exercise to keep the body lean. Our diets are composed of high calories and fast foods, which only add to our crisis. Additionally, we live in a cyber- world troupe whereby, we spend long hours seated in the office and mostly operate from the house to our office and mostly drive. This leads to the high deposition of fat and calories in our bodies, which contributes to obesity. quite an than blaming it on fast foods, we need to invest in low fat diets and also have a proper exercise plan that will change us to burn out all the accumulated calories. Unfortunately, our sedentary lifestyle has been passed on tour offsprings, who mostly spend times indoors. They mostly earn high calorie diets that often lead to the having childhood obesity and associated disorders like diabetes. They can barely run or even jog, and are not workmanlike at all. There is the need for nutritional education to invest in a healthy and lean body that will ensure that we remain prolific no matter the circumstance. Our diets need to be reviewed, such that we feed more on low fat foods and also eat more fruits and drink sess of water. This will help in al leviating the obese population and reducing on the obese crisis (Ditmier 14). It is everyones personal responsibility to check on whatever keep down of calories they ingest. This will help in reducing the calories and fat intake in the body it will also reduce the proportion sizes of food to a minimum. This will give a sound check to the amount of calories that we burn daily. Most people do not put into consideration the portion sizes, they often eat to be satisfied, rather than to keep them going, ignorant that most of the extra food is stored as fat and contributes to obesity and overweightness (Lu?sted 33). On the other hand, it cannot be ruled out that fast foods do not cause obesity, most recent obesity cases especially in children and pregnant women have been caused by the consumption of fast food from restaurants. The situation is made worse by the sedentary lifestyles that have been adopted, hence, the obesity crisis. Proper care and concern needs to be taken while plan of attack up with menus and nutritional diets so that they put into consideration the calories needed and still the minimum fat requirements of the body. Ingesting fast foods without moderation coupled with the sedentary lifestyles reduces the rate at which calories can be burned from the body and this leads to obesity (Schlosser 2). Lack of exercising and weight reduction mechanisms often leads to magnification of the status quo. Activities that enhance the burning of calories such as walking, jogging and digging need to be practiced so that the extra calories

What General Ludendorff's notion of a stab-in-the-back refer to Essay

What General Ludendorffs notion of a stab-in-the-back refer to Political implications of this theory for Weimar Republic - Essay ExampleAfter Adolf Hitler was appointed as the chancellor the Weimar Republic came to an end and often the end of the Weimar Republic has been associated with Hitlers rise to power. His rise to power is a very debatable topic in time galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) people propose that the Weimar republic showed signs of decline from the beginning piece others suggest that this was due to the poor decision making of the involved individuals particularly during the shutdown months of 1932-3 or on the great economic depression that was faced in 1929 (Fulbrook, 155). Whatever the reasons were, Hitlers rise to power has always been a controversial crush that has lead to hot arguments (Fulbrook, 156). By the summers of 1918 it was clear that Germany had lost World War I. During the war massive capitalization was taking place that monopolized industries t hereby excluding small businesses to mellow from the business arena. However, at the same time the operative class was increasing in power as labor unions were considered as valid and improvements in the working conditions had been done. Due to shortage of labor during the war, women and many young people were also recruited into the labor force. The war time had resulted in many changes in the cognitions of people. Domestic garboil in Germany grew as he World War I approached its end as the pressure from the people increased. The military was also reluctant to bring a civilian government in order to run away from its responsibility and accepting defeat (Fulbrook, 157). Constitutional reforms were introduced in October 1918 (Fulbrook, 157) and towards the end of the month a live on attack was launched on the British to gain its honor back (Fulbrook, 158). Revolutionary unrest took place in November causing the government to resign while the emperor butterfly had already fled t o Holland. While it seemed that a Marxist revolution would take place in Germany, a communist revolution took place in Russia in 1917 while compromises took place in Germany that was neither left wing nor right wing (Fulbrook, 158). The Weimar Constitution officially materialized in August 1919 according to which the President was to hold co personnel casualtyal powers. When the Treaty of Versailles was signed in the summers of the same year, the harsh terms lead to the restriction of army to only hundred thousand men and resulted in the loss of several German colonies. The concept of stab-in-the-back had started in August 1918 when German loss at World War I was obvious. According to the notion, the military defeat of the German army had been a result of deceit from within the country mainly from Jews and Socialists (Fulbrook, 164). The stab-in-the-back concept was increasingly being used after the war to oppose the Weimar Republic. Also, strikes and attacks on the Republic contin ued and while the right wings were not severely punished, the left wings were sentenced to death penalty spurring further unrest. It is also beta to note that the left wingers opposed the Republic on account of the economic depression (Fulbrook, 164). The end of the Weimar Republic has also been a result of the changing perception of the public particularly after the economic recession seen after the New York stock market plunged in 1929. The declining economic activity in Germany left many of its people unemployed with only 2 people out of 3 being employed. Unemployment rates rose sharply as the country faced financial crisis. An atmosphere of hopelessness and depression took place among the German population and while few people remained committed to the Social Democratic party (SPD) despite the hardships, many turned towards the

Joseph addai Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Joseph addai - Research Paper ExampleHe was named an All-American by ESPN and Fox Sports, and was rated as a top 100 recruit. Addai graduated from high school and move into increasing opportunities at Louisiana State University. During his tenure with the Louisiana State University Tigers, he ranked fifth all-time in rushing, with 2,577 yards, despite being chiefly used as a blocking fullback earlier in his career. He wore two numbers while at LSU, 41 in his early years and then number 10 in his final years. Addai started his stint at LSU in 2001, but after only two impales was granted a medical red shirt. The following season, he carried the football 80 times, gaining 438 yards, and scoring four touchdowns. His start big game came against the University of South Carolina, during which he gained 98 yards on eleven carries and scored two touchdowns. On November 9, 2002, he amassed 91 yards, including a 63 yard run for a score, against the Kentucky Wildcats at Common wealth stadiu m. His performance helped to solidification the stage for The Bluegrass Miracle, a miraculous 74-yard game-winning touchdown pass from quarterback Marcus Randall to wide receiver Devery Henderson as time expired on the last play of the game. (Cited from LSUsports.net) Addais second-year season proved to be a banner year for LSU. Led by coach Nick Saban the Tigers won the BCS National Championship, the first national stand-in for LSU since 1958. Addai ranked second to freshman Justin Vincent in rushing, gaining 520 yards on 114 attempts. He led LSUs early season 59-13 rout of the Arizona Wildcats with an 86 yard, two touchdown performances. In 2004, he rushed for 680 yards on 101 carries and caught 24 passes for 294 yards, scoring a total of seven touchdowns. He stood out against the Alabama Crimson Tribe in a 26-10 Tiger Stadium victory on the13th of November. He led the team in rushing with 99 yards and added another 46 yards receiving, as well as scoring two of the three Tiger touchdowns. for the day. The following week he teamed with Alley Broussard (250 yards on 26 carries) to lead the Tigers to a 27-24 victory over the Ole take out Rebels. Addais 107 yards was part of an impressive 360 yard ground attack by the Tigers. During his senior season, Addai led the team with 911 rushing yards on 187 carries, scoring nine touchdowns. The highlight of the symmetric season was a 21-17 victory over the Florida Gators in front of a record-setting 92,402 crowd. Addai sealed the victory for LSU with a three yard touchdown run with 627 remaining on the clock. His career-best effort combined 156 yards rushing on 32 carries with 37 yards receiving on 3 catches. Joe Addai completed his tenure at LSU with an impressive game in the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. In the Tigers 40-3 victory over the Miami Hurricanes, he gained a total of 135 yards and scored twice. Joseph Addai graduated from LSU in December 2005 with a degree in General Studies. Things arent supposed to be easy for an NFL rookie, but its hard to argue that Joseph Addais first year was a breeze. Selected in the first round of the 2006 NFL draft by the Indianapolis Colts, Addai finished with 1,081 yards on 226 carries and seven rushing touchdowns while sharing the backfield with veteran Dominic Rhodes. He also caught 40 passes in the Colts pass-happy offense and averaged 8.1 yards per catch. (Cited from bullz-eye.com) Addais regular season performance carried into the postseason where he gained 217

Event study for efficient market hypothesis ex dividend data Dissertation

Event study for efficient market hypothesis ex dividend data - Dissertation ExampleThe determination of this study are efficient market hypothesis. The theory efficient market was formulated by Eugene Fama in 1970. He described an efficient market as a market where at all point in time, actual prices of individual securities already reflect the effects of information based both on events that have already occurred and on events which, as of now, the market expects to take place in the future. The efficient market prices represent the intrinsic value of the securities. Researchers have veritable this hypothesis to be known as the Efficient grocery Hypothesis (EMH) which states that the market prices reflect all information known to the public. Market react to any new information available in the market immediately as reflected in stock prices rather than gradually adjust it. This theory is an important pattern in the area of understanding equity markets and cost of equity capita l. Another important concept in the area of equity markets is that of random walk hypothesis. correspond to this hypothesis, the anticipated price of an asset fluctuates randomly around its expected value. Both the efficient market and random walk hypothesis, it is a futile exercise to puree and find overpriced and under-priced assets. This is because, in an efficient market, the assets in the stock market are already reflecting all the available information. There are no future predictions that can be made about how a market will behave. The price of any assets is already a reflection of the best estimates for the expected endangerment and return of the assets. The suggestion that all the information known about past, present and future events is reflected in the current market prices means that the financial analysts are snake oil salesmen. This is why the EMH is such a controversial hypothesis. However, in an inefficient market, investors can identify miss-priced assets. Iden tifying the same can enable an investor to achieve gains (Rutterford, 1993). Because of these reasons, these hypotheses provide a solid theoretical and predictive model about the operations of the financial markets and influence more people to invest in stock market (Will, 2006). Types of Market Efficiency There are three primary categorization of EMH given by Fama (1970) according to the type of information reflected in the stock price 1. Weak-form competency - Share prices reflect all past information and thus, rules out the possibility of predicting future stock prices on the basis of past

The needs of future generations are being met by current policies of Essay - 3

The needs of hereafter generations are being met by current policies of sustainable victimization. To what extent do you agree with this statement - Essay Examplesustainable development, therefore, is the utilization of resources (especially natural resources) in way that ensures that these resources will not be spend while serving todays generation and thus recall the future generations the opportunity to benefit from these resources. A simple example can be the utilization of forest for various uses such as furniture, fuel, paper take among many others although the current generation should be able to use these resources to provide these essential products for the current generation, they must be considerate of the fact that the forest from which the timber is being harvested is not an infinite resource and can easily be depleted. In such a case, those who exploit these resources must have a strategy to protect the forest by for instance coming up with alternatives for provi ding the products that would otherwise be harvested from timber, or by re recenting the forest by planting new trees (Jackson, 2011). It is not all sustainable development plans that translate into positive results. Due to how important sustainable development is, it is necessary to identify whether the current sustainable development strategies are going to translate into positive outcomes for future generations.Sustainable development is important because it takes care of the future. Current human generations have a responsibility to the future generation to preserve the available resources so that the future generation can also survive in the planet. Without sustainable development, the current generation would benefit, but at the expense of tomorrows generation. Sustainable development is also necessary for the current generation. This is because some of the current resources, if not used well would be depleted even within the lifetime of the current generation. In this regard, although sustainable development has a focus on preserving resources for the future generation, it is at the same time a way to save

Lnternational Marketing of Coca Cola Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Lnternational Marketing of coca weed - Essay ExampleThis study looks intoCoca Cola Enterprises trammel that intends to introduce a new energy drink in cayenne. The drink is Lucozade which is made by using Glucose Fructose Syrup, orange juice from Concentrate, Citric acerbic and Sodium Benzoate. The company has already made the decision for the selling price by establishing a price which should not be more than 5% contravention with existing drinks in the market. The packaging shall be done in both 275ml plastic bottles and 250ml cans. The company intends to Launch Lucozade brand in Chile. Most of the consumers are health conscious and prefer the low calorie energy drinks. The promotional activities ordain include endorsements by sports personalities and mass advertisements. The company has set enough financial resources for the operations and timelines for the execution of the marketing computer programme. The marketing organization includes the chief marketing director, the territory directors, the area directors and the public relations personnel. A situational depth psychology is the foundation of the marketing plan. The situational analysis will include a thorough examination of the internal and external factors which affect the introduction of Lucozade drink in Chile. It will enable Coca Cola to understand the factors which will influence the market growth in the future. Internal analysis will consider the strengths and weaknesses of Coca Cola enterprises Limited. The internal analysis will consider the company culture and image, the staff, the operational efficiency and capacity. (Kotler 2010). The internal analysis will excessively consider the weaknesses which hinder the launch of the Lucozade drink in Chile and which may impair the growth in market share and profitability. The external analysis will evaluate the suppliers, the trade partners, customers, new technology, competitors and the economic environment general in Chile which may enhan ce the operations of Coca Cola Enterprises Limited in Chile (Dibb, Simkin, Pride and Ferrell 2005). The external analysis will also consider the treats which exist in the market which could curtail the achievement of the Coca Cola Enterprises objectives in Chile. 2.1 Market Summary Coca Cola Enterprises Limited is the universes largest bottler of non-alcoholic drinks by volume. The company produces, sells and distributes its drinks using a wide distribution channel which covers all the continents in the world (Kotler 2010). Coca Cola Company is the largest bottler for the Coca Cola Company since it produces 20 percent of the entire Coca Cola drinks world wide. 85 % of its products are classified as carbonated soft drinks piece the rest are non-carbonated soft drinks. The company annual revenue was $ 21.65 billion in 2009 while the net income from its operations was $ 731 million. 2.1.1 Market demographics This section of the marketing plan will include analyzing the customers in t erms of the demographic features such as the age, the race, gender, educational attainments, marital status, income levels, attitudes and beliefs, and the household size. Chile community comprises of 15,166,500 people but the population has been on the decline due to controlled birth rate. It is estimated that the population is likely to hit 20 million people by 2050. About 80 percent of the populations lie with in urban areas with the population mainly concentrated in Greater Santiago. Chile population consists of all races including European and Indians. The most dominant religions are roman type Catholics and Evangelical (Kotler 2007). Spanish is

Mechanical Engineering Graduate School Personal Statement

Mechanical Engineering Graduate School - Personal Statement ExampleI have interpreted courses in advanced mathematics as well as engine room physics classes. I have also had research experience which is a fine component in masters programs. In particular, I have been on two research projects dealing specifically with the construction of different types of robots and facial expression at the future of commercial production of robots for daily household use. I have also had experience in the industry as well. I worked at H.C. Starck Inc. as an intern where I learned essential skills that were important to work there, but also give me foundational knowledge going into the masters program. In particular, I learned about maintenance and quality control of the products produced as well as data basing. My goals are very compatible with your program in mechanised engineering. My short term career goal is to receive a position on or start managing an interdisciplinary research and developm ent team. I hope that I can successfully accomplish this by focusing on research in the masters program by facilitating cooperation in engineering teams as well as learning how to overcome engineering obstacles in research. Eventually, I would like to teach and become a professor of robotics or mankind factor engineering so that I can pass down the experience and knowledge that I have learned to the next generation of engineers.

Bereavement & Aging According to Reality Theory Research Paper

Bereavement & Aging According to Reality Theory - Research Paper usageThe accessed memories trigger the individuals vibes or feelings, which in gaming motivate behavioral response to generate pleasant vibes and prevent the nasty one. This process is rapid and automatic, from the appearance of the stimulus to the production or behavioral response. Basic to reality theory is the interaction of preconsciously and consciously held beliefs. In terms of adjustment, the intend of an event, derived from the experiential system, takes more precedence over the consciously held rational beliefs (Stroebe, Stroebe, and Hansson, 1999). For instance, in the conscious state of an individual, his rational system could induce emotional distress due to the death of a sibling, but his experiential system could evoke a feeling of triumph, along with regrets, in the death of a rival. In this scenario, an individual experiences astonishment on his inappropriate feelings.Aging is an intricate multifac torial process which generally influence by the genes and the environment. The physiological and biological bases of aging measurements revealed the prevalent changes brought by the interlinking processes. These changes in the tissue, molecular and cellular organizations affect the entire organ system of an animal. Most of these changes involve molecular mechanisms that cause cellular damage which in turn can adversely affect the individual (Cavanaugh and Blanchard-Fields, 2006). Hence, aging is generally described as a sequence of time-dependent changes which increase the probability of death as the existence gains progress in age. On the other hand, death is a prominent characteristic of biological aging. Death can occur at any variety of human development, but is mostly ascribed to results and implications of the processes of aging. With aging, the function of liver, kidneys, and gut is reduced. Like all other organs, these also become atrophie because cells are not being repl aced after their

The Impact of 2008 Financial Crisis on UK's Cross Border Mergers Dissertation

The Impact of 2008 Financial Crisis on UKs Cross Border Mergers - Dissertation ExampleII.2 Cross Border Mergers as a Mode of Entry in a Foreign Market 12 II.3 Cross Border Merger as a Value Creating strategy .. 17 II.4 Impact of Financial Crisis in the Field of Investment Through Cross Border Mergers in UK .. 20 III. look Methodology .... 24 IV. Research Findings and Analysis .. 28 V. Conclusion and Recommendations . 39 References . 42 46 Chapter I Introduction A merger is a business process by content of which, two or additional number of companies can puss their business assets and form a single organization. In general, the p bentages of the parent companies are given up. Instead, the stock of a new company is issued. For instance, when the Daimler-Benz and Chrysler merged, both the companies stopped to cost and in their place Daimler-Chrysler was formed. Cross border mergers are those mergers wherein the involved companies are set up in different countries. Over the years , this type of merger comprises of a growing percentage of all the mergers. In general, cross border mergers can happen by means of either inward cross border mergers or outbound cross border mergers. In an inward cross border merger, the entire or part of domestic help companies are put up for sale to overseas investors. This often results to inward movement of capital. In the case of an outward cross border merger, domestic companies tend to purchase the entire or segments of foreign companies. This often results to an outward flow of capital (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Economic Analysis and... The findings of this research will will insight of a merger as a business process by means of which, two or additional number of companies can pool their business assets and form a single organization. In general, the stocks of the parent companies are given up. Instead, the stock of a new company is issued. For instance, when the Daimler-Benz and Chrysler merged, both the companies stopped to exist and in their place Daimler-Chrysler was formed. Cross border mergers are those mergers wherein the involved companies are set up in different countries. Over the years, this type of merger comprises of a growing percentage of all the mergers. In general, cross border mergers can happen through either inward cross border mergers or outward cross border mergers. In an inward cross border merger, the entire or parts of domestic companies are put up for sale to overseas investors. This often results to inward movement of capital. In the case of an outward cross border merger, domestic companies tend to purchase the entire or segments of foreign companies. Cross-border mergers are a very significant occurrence in the global economy. In fact, cross-border mergers encompass more than 50% of all the foreign direct investment that is victorious place around the world (Gugler et al. 2003). In most cases, companies enter into a cross border merger activities for the following reasons (1) to intensify the companys military post in the global markets (2) expand the business (3) get hold of other companys complementary resources and (5) to improve the companys efficiency in the global markets.

Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 60

Outline - Essay ExampleThe voice technology, especially the use of polygraphs are commonly made for interrogation with diametrical questions that detects one is weighty the truth or a lie and manipulation of voice and how the person speaks tells more.The reason they are still considered is because there are less(prenominal) than 5% of good people at detecting lies are easily deceived and most out of empathy or emotions may not distinguish truth from lies (Roth, Williams, Phifer, & twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, Inc, 2010).Voice technology through use of lie detectors may be of use in enforcing the law by distinguishing those telling the truth from lies. However, the limitations of trained liars and some honest, people may fail to be recognized leading to injustice. It is not always favorable to use them.In the conclusion few decades, technology/scientific development has taken place in many areas and this affects us on the both a personal level and within our professio ns. Lie detection, a form of voice technology has been growing widespread and available, especially in law courts to investigate the truth. The good judgments made are stabilising to individuals as well as the society while the negative effects affect them as well and may hinder justice.Brett,A.S., Phillips,M., & Beary,J.F. (1986, March 8). Predictive queen of the Polygraph Can the Lie Detector Really Detect Liars?, by Allan S. Brett, Michael Phillips, John F. Beary. Retrieved from http//www.american-buddha.com/art.predictivepowerpolygraphbeary.htmBrown,T.E., Senter,S.M., Ryan,A.H., & DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE POLYGRAPH INST FORT JACKSON SC. (2003). Ability of the Vericator to Detect Smugglers at a Mock Security Checkpoint. Ft. Belvoir Defense Technical Information

Appeal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Appeal - Assignment ExampleConstant alertness and hard die hard is required to carry out the job efficiently and competently. However, my mishap has resulted in some serious and complex outcomes which keep made me incapable of performing these tasks. My life has been shattered following the accident and I am physically as well as psychologically unfit to proceed with my job in a normal way.It was a road traffic accident which occurred on the highway 401 east. My car was hit as I made a turn on the highway. The collision was of a huge magnitude and I hit the front of my car with great amount of force. I immediately lost my senses and was unconscious for a continuous 5 minutes. I was rushed to the infirmary emergency and since that accident I have been a victim of complicated and severe symptoms of various disorders. Post-concussion syndrome, whip lash and bilateral lumber strain ar the major diagnosis made by the doctors which have been caused by the car accident. Because of the accident I have not been affected only physically further also emotionally and psychologically. Because of the deep impact the accident had on my senses and mind, I have also been suffering from depression and difficult mood problems. Because of these problems I have been referred to the psychiatrists and psychologist many times due to the emotional turmoil I am going through. They have diagnosed Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and anxiety on the basis of my signs and symptoms.I have a plethora of disease outcomes that I have to deal with throughout the day. Because of the injury, I have bilateral lower provocation in my lumber region and lumber pain. Whiplash was caused by severe neck distortion during the accident and now I have neck hardship and pain because of it. The post-concussion syndrome has resulted in not only physical problems but also behavioral problems. I have severe headache, difficulty in concentrating at work

Strategies for Building Successful Leadership Research Paper

Strategies for Building Successful leading - Research Paper ExampleMoreover, to be a successful draw, I must be of high righteousness, which simply means doing what I say and behaving in a way that I expect the team to behave. Basic Leadership Skills to Succeed As with any other job, resisting the work of leading makes it difficult to be effective and makes it impossible to find fulfillment or enjoyment in whatever an undivided does. Therefore, lacking the desire to lead makes an individual unwilling to perform the work that pertains to a leader of a team. If a leader does non like the work he or she performs, chances are that the leader is not inspired to lead others to perform the tasks. In such a case, a leader is unable to reach his or her potential as a leader unless the leader works for an ecesis he believes in, as my uncles business. Commitment to the organizations mission and vision is crucial since the first leader of the organization, who is my uncle, had a mission an d vision about the gild functions, service and changes that the company would bring to the industry. My uncle had to call for other people who could share his vision and believe in the mission of the organization therefore, as a leader, I would have to coach newly chartered employees to help them learn what would move the organization toward its objectives. In an ideal world, each employee works as if fulfilling the organizations vision and mission were his or her ain goal however, we do not live in an ideal world, hence as a leader, I have the task of remaining committed to and promoting the companys vision and mission. Integrity is a crucial trait for a successful leader and it involves being true to ones word, being legitimate in actions and speech and demonstrating a behavior that a leader needs employees to emulate. Similar to other leadership skills, integrity requires practice and involves an effort to honor an individuals word each time as well as remaining an example to employees even when under stress or when having a nature conflict. As a leader, the gains of integrity are enormous in comparison to the harm that can result from lack of integrity within the workplace. To develop integrity as a leader, three areas that are essential and demand concentration include sincerity, consistency, and substance. For a leader, sincerity involves accepting responsibility for my commitment and striving to master them, being honest about my limitations, accepting responsibility for my mistakes and telling the truth. Consistency for leaders involves demonstrating this feature of integrity by treating employees equally, following through on promises and on the job(p) as hard as, or even harder than, other employees. A substance in integrity refers to what I am regarding work relationships and includes keeping private employee data private and doing what is right for the team and not merely for me (Reina D. & Reina M., 2006). Successful leaders are entreprene urial and, therefore, able to recognize opportunities and organize resources to tap into the advantages of the opportunity.

Life & Wessex King Essay Example for Free

Life Wessex King EssayLife in the past was characterized with lots of battles between rival territories. This resulted to the rise of powerful empires and the heartbeat of power during those days was through the number of warfares fought. Warriors of those days were cal take Vi male monarchs. A Viking also denotes a pirate, merchant or explorer. These Norsemen normally used long ships to travel in the sea to all the places of their interest and used the same vessels to fight their enemies. The Vikings are traced to have originated in the early 17th century in the German territory. The provoker of Vikings in the Iceland is Erik the red.He lived all his life ruling his people after which his son picked the mantle from him (Gwyn, J. 2000). SCANDINAVIA The term Scandinavia is both a historical a major(ip) geographical part in the world. There exist also a people who are identified as the Scandinavians. According to the geographical setting, Scandinavia is located in the Northern Europe, a place called Scandinavian Peninsula. The kingdoms that existed in the Scandinavian contribution include Finland, Norway and partly Denmark. A lot of research d 1 also intermit that Sweden and Iceland also form part of this robust history.All these regions put together are further referred to as Nordic region. The geographical orientation of Scandinavia is rather ambiguous. The region spreads from the Norwegian Fjords all the way to the low areas in Denmark through the Scandinavian Mountains and to the archipelagos of Sweden and Norway. This region has diverse group of people and for this reason, there exist more that one dialect. The languages that were spoken in these regions included Norway, Sweden and Denmark dialects. These people usually understood each other and thus had mutual understanding.DO THE VIKINGS RIGHTFULLY DESERVE THE REPUTATION THAT THEY WERE CRUEL, murderous BARBARIANS? WHY? WHY NOT? The Vikings performed most of their ventures through wars. It is evi dent that a normal way of dressing was to be attire that is characteristic of a warrior. The males had war uniforms all the time. From the first time that the Vikings entered a territory, war had to be fought. It is mandatory that people must die in the event of war. The death of people was so common to these northern tribes that any one could talk of them to be cruel and murderous.Other ventures like sea piracy and looting were associated with brutality and blood shed. The victims of such encounters were left counting their losses if they were not dead. Erik who is one of the founders of the Vikings movement was actually observed to murder many people in his native land until he was expelled to go to exile, the result which led to the discovery of Ice land. EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF WESSEX, IN REGARD TO THE VIKINGS IN ENGLAND. The Wessex territory was known for its great power during the grade 878. This territory had great potential that any attacker could admire.Te Wessex King of that time planed for a very efficient army that was to fight and defeat the Viking warriors. This king managed to resist the Vikings and with time became pronounced as Alfred the great. His territory was a centre for trade, commerce and administration. The Vikings however invaded this land and took loots from it as usual. The Wessex region acted as a touchable opposition to the advances of the Vikings. Every one feared the Vikings. The sight of these raiders approaching a region would send cold shivers down the guts of every king.King Alfred however managed to go them, even though he was later cornered. The Wessex region became a home of habitation to some Vikings although others separated from the settling camp and continued with invasion. Wessex became a vizor mark towards bringing an end to the Viking advances in war. HOW DID THE VIKINGS CONTRIBUTE TO THE BREAK-UP OF THE CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE? The Vikings were a major threat to the kings during the Viking age. The Vikings attached Ca rolingian empire in the stratum 885 and 886 leading to the defeat of their kings.In 845, the Viking warriors sailed to seine in France and attacked it. The end result of this was a defeat to the Carolingian empire and the kings that followed were just puppet rulers who were initiated by the Vikings. This led to the fall of this empire and it took along time to come up again. EXPLAIN THE VARIOUS PHASES INVOLVED IN VIKING RAIDS. Vikings mainly had 3 strains of raids. The very first phase said to have lasted from 790-840. The Vikings used very shallow draught long ships. They always used these ships because they were suitable majorly for surprise attacks in the coastal towns.The size of these vessels was so small so that the Vikings could rush and attack very fast. With this they attacked Frisia and Aquitane. The second level of attacks occurred between 841 and 875 and the number of raids increased. The Vikings attacked by killing or enslaving their victims. With this, the attacks pr oceeded to the Mediterranean Sea. 876 to 911 saw the establishment of the third phase. With this, the Vikings started to invade frnce and other parts of Europe. They also developed their own fleets that were used to attack distance empires.

The Effects of the Iraq War Essay Example for Free

The Effects of the Iraq War EssayThe war in Iraq was supposedly an act against terrorism. In single of the Presidents speeches, he made it clear that it was a preemptive attack and that if we were not fighting and destroying this enemy in Iraq, they would not be idle. They would be plotting and killing Americans across the world and within our own borders. By fighting these terrorists in Iraq, Americans in uniform atomic number 18 defeating a direct threat to the American people(Crimes Against Humanity). This is the regimes claim but it was never substantiated by any evidence, thus keeping the Americans wondering what in reality is the behave of this massive bloodshed.Some reports say that this war is in large part an oil currency war. One of the core reasons for this upcoming war is this administrations discontinueeavor of preventing further Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) momentum towards the euro as an oil transaction currency standard(Mother J ones). In order to stop the OPEC from doing this, the US undeniable to take comptroller of the OPECs 2nd largest oil producer, Iraq. This means that the Iraq War is just another economic war. It is just another result of the struggle to control the means of production.The domestic impact of any US war will be inequitably distributed, the workers and lowest economic yres carrying the burden of the amicable costs, while the swiftness strata benefit(Swans). Even before the Iraq war, experts have already concluded that powerful corporate interests only see substance associate families as the spoils of political crop (FromTheWilderness. com). When war struck, the burden was heavily felt by these same families. The special burden came in the form of taxes.To maintain the Iraq war the government imposed additional taxes on the people disguised as national security taxes. This tax is imposed on all persons, however the effect on the upper class is not as drastic as to the bosom cl ass families simply because since they are the ones who can afford to pay and benefit from the big tax cuts. These taxes in addition to the economic pressures on the affectionateness classstagnant wages, the need to pull down two salaries to support a family, and the rising costs of the elemental expensesdrive these families to turn to credit just to make ends meet.Credit in itself is neither bad nor is it taboo but the present state of the country prevents the middle class families from ever recovering (FromTheWilderness. com). The Iraq war brought about a change not merely on financial aspects but also in the charge Americans perceive things. It has awakened the peoples social consciousness. Due to the doubtful claims the government are using to justify the war coupled with the suffering of the middle class, the crowd are starting to wonder and ponder on the real issues that they are presently facing.A sense of awareness has donned on them, the people are slowly gearing toward s social change. Having the freedom of intercourse, the people are slowly unearthing the reasons behind the war, the cause of their social helplessness and the means or solutions they are empower to. Americans are becoming inquisitive, they are slowly transforming into persons naturally drawn to activism and sympathetic to an anti-war attitude and the Iraq War will present a new challenge of exposing the propaganda promoted by American imperialists, and in building an opposition (Swans).The change the Americans are experiencing after the war is neither bad nor good. It is a just a natural reaction brought about by the need for social justice and legality. Social justice is the concept of society in which justice is achieved in every aspect of society, rather than merely the administration of law. It is generally thought of as a society that affords individuals and groups fair treatment and a just share of the benefits of society.The Iraq war is not the doctor cause of this chan ge, several social forces are at work here but it may very well be considered as one of the factors that triggered it. later years of following the capitalist norm, the uneven distribution of wealth and power between the classes is already taking its toll. The delineation of the social classes is becoming clearer, each class is grouping itself together and yet, each one is dependent upon the other, without the conservativeies there would be no proletariat, without the proletariat there would be no cause for awareness, without a cause there can be no change.The social classes are now playing their important roles in this changes, they are setting the stage for their struggle. The linked States is experiencing social change and it is inevitable. According to Neo-Marxism, strains are inherent in social structures and the reference of these strains or contradictions is the inherent scarcity of certain goods and values. Thus inequality is a source of conflict. The conflicts caused by the inequality of the classes are starting to show.The ghost of communism is slowly rearing its head in our country. The Americans are preparing to experience a class struggle. The middle class is slowly becoming aware of the distribution of wealth and power between the masses and the selected a few(prenominal), they are realizing the exploitation of their class by a selected few using the government as an instrument. The country is now at the brink of a social revolution, just as how all revolutions came to be, the birth begins with the proletariats struggle with the bourgeoisie.At first the contest is carried on by individual labourers, then by the workpeople of a factory, then by the operatives of one trade, in one locality, against the individual bourgeois who directly exploits them and eventually the rise to power of the middle class. At this point however, the movements success cannot be ascertained. The thinking masses is too small to resemble a threat to imperialism but a war gone badly might alter public thinking becoming to make such fundamental social change an increasing possibility.The ideas of Communism are based on actual relations springing from an existing class struggle, from a historical movement going on since time immemorial, it seeks to abolish property relations and to place power on to the working class (Mondo Politico). According to Karl Marx, this is the end result of all modern governments. Everything shall start from the bourgeois controlling first the modes of production hiring the proletariat only for labor, later on educating the proletariat so the bourgeois can use the knowledge endowed to the working class to remain competitive.Greed being the driving force, the bourgeois shall continue to teach and exploit the proletariat. through this process, what the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable. Communism is definitely an ideal type of government, it speaks of utopia where social justice reigns supreme and equity can never be flawed. The question now is that how come there is no country that has successfully established a perfect communist government?This might be caused by the degree of difficulty of implementing the transformation or it may be that eventually all systems shall need property relations of some(prenominal) kind. At this point, the social revolution in the United States is pretty far from fruition. Not all of the working class is willing to undergo change. After the United States has existed for so long, after having been accustomed to it and after achieving so much through capitalism, the premature abolition of property relations shall definitely cause its own downfall.

Scotland Child Committee Purpose Social Work Essay

Scotland Child Committee Purpose Social Work EssayThe North easternmost of Scotland Child Protection Committee (NESCPC) has produced this Risk sound judgement Framework in response to an identified coming back for a Pan Grampian approach.This mannikin is for use by altogether agencies located at bottom Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire and Moray with the aim of ensuring that thither is a consistency of understanding and approach to fortune sagacity across completely sectors.The framework is written with the additional understanding that all practitioners suck in a responsibility to ensure that they be familiar with and follow their own organisations electric s saver protection procedures. These should all link to the overarching NESCPC Guidelines and give advice on who to contact, how to take quick action and how concerns should be recorded.BackgroundSeveral models of Risk Assessment exist but be not used in a systematic way because they are not thought to be comprehensive enough to be used in all particulars (Scottish Government Effective Approach to Risk Assessment in Social Work an international literature review (2007).To enable greater consistency and union across Scotland, the Scottish Executive (2005) proposed a programme of change Getting it Right For Ein truth Child, incorporating the discipline work undertaken on an Integrated Assessment training and Recording Framework (IAF). This is based on requirements to gain a thorough understanding ofthe developmental inescapably of a infantthe dexterity of a refer/carer to respond appropriately to those needsthe advert of the wider family and wider environmental factors on erecting capacity and on the kidskins needsThis Framework emphasises the need to treat assessment as a process rather than an event. In evaluating the assessment and planning a response, practitioners are expected to hit the books the totality of the childs development and whatsoever unmet needs rather than snap too narrowly on a need for protection.This approach should make sure thatChildren get the help they need when they need itHelp is appropriate, proportionate and well timed(p)Agencies work together to ensure a co-ordinated and unified response to meeting the childs needsThe plan is used to put in place arrangements to manage venture and to co-ordinate help for the child or one-year-oldish somebodyThe plan is based on assessment and analysis of the childs world, including the risks, needs and resilience factors.What is Risk Assessment?Risk Assessment is a frequently used term with forbidden practitioners always being clear ab surface what is meant.Risk assessment is merely the description of obedient methodical practice to risky situations (Jones, 1998).Risk Assessment is a critical element of the integrated assessment process pulling together, as it does the identified strengths within a family as well as those areas of concern or risk that need to be addressed. It is a complex, con tinuous and dynamic process, which involves the gathering and weighting of applicable learning to help make decisions about the family strengths, needs and associated risks and plan for necessary interpositions. Good systematic assessment confirms what whitethorn have happened, how this may affect the ready and forthcoming safety of the child or juvenility person, places this in context and informs what needs to be done. Risk assessments rotter also be used to name the escalation of the presenting demeanor as well as the single(a)s motivation for change. Assessing risk is not an exact science prediction involves probability and thus some errors are inevitable. prefatory Principles when assessing risk.The welfare of the child is paramount.Risk assessment should be based on sound evidence and analysisRisk assessment tools should inform rather than set back professional judgementAll professionals involved in risk assessment should have a common language of risk and common u nderstanding of teaching sharing to inform assessmentRisk assessment is influenced by professionals own personal and professional values, experiences, skills and knowledgeThe judgement and experience of practitioners needs to be liquid in assessmentNo tool, procedure or framework can adequately account for and predict human behaviourEffective communication and selective information sharing is crucial to protecting childrenChildren, puppyish people and family views should be sought, listened to and recorded with clear evidence of their involvement in decision qualification where possible.A satisfactory risk assessment process should elicit and highlight both commonalities and differences in professional and family perspectivesGood risk assessment requires the best possible working birth between worker and family membersAll staff must always be alert and aware to situations where children may be at risk and address each potential concerns with their own agencys child protect ion policy / NESCPC child protection guidance.Risk Assessment FrameworkThis framework is adapted from the work undertaken by Jane Aldgate and Wendy Ross (A Systematic Practice Model for Assessing and Managing Risk, 2007) and is structured in 9 different stagesUsing the SHANNARI well-being indicators ( right, Well, Active, Nurtured, Achieving, Respected, Responsible and Included).2. Getting the child and familys perspectives on risk.Drawing on evidence from research and development literature about the take of risk and its presumable cushion on either soulfulness child.4. Assessing the likely recurrence of deadening.5. face at immediate and long-term risks in the context of My origination triangle.Using the Resilience Matrix to analyse the risks, strengths, overprotective factors and vulnerabilities.7. Weighing the balance of that evidence and making decisions.8. Constructing a plan and taking appropriate action.9. charge of Risk1. Using the SHANARRI well-being indicatorsThe Scottish Executive (2004) agreed a vision for Scotlands Children. They should beSafeHealthyActiveNurturedAchievingRespectedResponsibleIncludedUsing these SHANARRI indicators, professionals consider the childs holistic needs. In any assessment professionals should ask themselves the following key questionsWhat is getting in the way of this child being safe, healthy, active, nurtured, achieving, wondered, responsible and included?Why do I think that this child is not safe?What have I observed, heard, or identified from the childs history that causes concern?Are there factors that indicate risk of significant distress present and is the severity of factors enough to warrant immediate action?What can I do?What can my agency do?Do I need to share / gather information to construct a plan to protect this child?What additional help may I find from other agencies?2. Getting the child and familys perspectives on the risk.The involvement and partnership with children, young people and thei r families is integral and essential to successful risk assessment and focus. Information is incomplete and a good understanding of the risks of trauma and needs of the children cannot be reached without families perspectives on the risks to their childrens difficulties. An open and trans put up approach that actively involves all involved, including the children and families is of clear benefit in thatChildren, young people and families can understand why sharing information with professionals is necessaryChildren and families can help practitioners distinguish what information is significantEveryone who needs to can take part in making decisions about how to help a childEveryone contributes to finding out whether a plan has made a positive difference to a child or familyProfessionals behave ethically towards families point in cases where compulsory action is necessary, research has shown better outcomes for children by working collaboratively with parents.3. Drawing on evidence from research and developmental literature about the level of risk and its likely impact on any individual child.Risks need to be seen in the wider context of short and long term risks to childrens wellbeing and development. force factors can be identified in relation to abuse or neglect but these should not be used as predictors for current and future abuse without being considered in the context of the childs own nature and environment.In all cases of child abuse, parenting capacity should also be considered and this involves taking account of historic information as well as assessing the here and now. Protective factors need to be weighed up against risk factors and vulnerability to determine the level of risk to the individual child or young person and the likelihood of future damage. The factors should be used as a knowledge base to underpin to a greater extent than critical assessments of strengths and pressures based on the My World triangle. (See Section 5).Factors to be considered(This list is not complete but is a general guide). Adapted from City of Edinburgh Risk taking Policy and Guidance (2004).Consideration of significant harm (link to Safety Threshold considerations, Section 3 NESCPC guidelines for further explanation)Current injury/harm is severe the more severe an injury, the greater the impairment for the child/young person and the greater the likelihood of reoccurrencePattern of harm is escalating if harm has been increasing in severity and frequency over time, it is more likely that without effective interference the child/young person ordain be significantly harmPattern of harm is go on the more often harm has occurred in the past the more likely it is to occur in the futureThe parent or care-giver has made a curse to cause serious harm to the child/young person much(prenominal) menaces may cause significant emotional harm and may reflect paternal inability to cope with stress, the greater the stress for a person with caring r esponsibilities, the greater the likelihood of future personal and emotional harm to the child/young personSexual abuse is alleged and the perpetrator continues to have access to the child/young person if the alleged perpetrator has unlimited access to the child/young person, there is an increased likelihood of further harmChronic neglect is identified serious harm may occur through neglect, such as inadequate supervision, failure to attend to medical needs and failure to nurturePrevious history of abuse or neglect if a person with agnatic responsibility has previously harmed a child or young person, there is a greater likelihood of re-occurrenceThe use of past history in assessing current functioning is critical.Factors relating to the child or young personPhysical harm to a child under 12 months very young children are more vulnerable due to their age and dependency.Any strong-arm harm to a child under 12 months should be considered serious and the risk assessment should not foc us solely on the action and any resultant harm, but rather that the parent has used physical action against a very young child. This could be as a result of parenting skill deficits or high stress levels.Child is unprotected the risk assessment must consider parental willingness and ability to protect the young child.Children aged 0-5 years are unable to protect themselves, as are children with certain learning disabilities and physical impairments. Children, who are premature, have low birth weight, learning disability, physical or sensory disability and dis scarper behavioural problems are more liable to abuse and neglect.The child/young person presents as fearful of the parent or care-giver or other member of the household a child/young person presenting as fearful, withdrawn or distressed can indicate harm or likely harm.The child/young person is engaging in self-harm, capacity misuse, tremendous sexual behaviour or other at risk behaviours such behaviour can be indicators of past or current abuse or harm.Factors relating to the parent or care-giverThe parent or care-giver has caused significant harm to any child/young person in the past through physical or sexual abuse once a person has been a perpetrator of an incident of maltreatment there is an increased likelihood that this behaviour will re-occur.The parent or care-givers explanation of the current harm/injury is inconsistent or the harm is minimised this may indicate denial or minimisation. Where a parent or care-giver fails to accept their contribution to the problem, there is a higher likelihood of future significant harm.The parent or care-givers behaviour is violent or out of reign over people who resort to violence in any context are more likely to use violent means with a child or young person.The parent or care-giver is unable or unwilling to protect the child/young person ability to protect the child/young person may be significantly impaired due to mental illness, physical or learning di sability, domestic violence, attachment to, or dependence on (psychological or financial) the perpetrator.The parent or care-giver is experiencing a high degree of stress the greater the stress for a parent or care-giver, the greater the likelihood of future harm to the child or young person. Stress factors include poverty and other financial issues, physical or emotional isolation, health issues, disability, the behaviour of the child/young person, death of a child or other family member, divorce/separation, and large numbers of children.The parent or care-giver has unrealistic expectations of the child/young person and acts in a negative way towards the child/young person this can be linked to a lack of knowledge of child development and abject parenting skills. Parents or care-givers who do not understand normal developmental milestones may make demands which do not match the child/young persons cognitive, developmental or physical ability.The parent or care-giver has poor care -giving relationship with the child/young person a care-giver who is insensitive to the child or young person may demonstrate little interest in the child/young persons wellbeing and may not meet their emotional needs.Indicators of poor care-giving include repeated requests for fireman placement for the child/young person.The parent or care-giver has a substance misuse problem. Parental substance misuse can lead to poor supervision, chronic neglect and inability to meet basic needs through lack of money, harmful responses to the child/young person through altered consciousness, risk of harm from others through inability to protect the child/young person.The parent or care-giver refuses access to the child/young person in these circumstances it is possible that the parent or care-giver wishes to avoid further appraisal of the well-being of the child. high uply mobile families decrease the opportunity for effective intervention, which may increase the likelihood of further harm to the child/young person.The parent or care-giver is young a parent or care-giver under 21 years may be more likely to harm the child through im adulthood, lack of parenting knowledge, poor judgement and inability to tolerate stress.The parents or care-givers themselves experienced childhood neglect or abuse nonetheless caution has to be exercised here parenting skills are frequently learned/modelled but later positive experiences can counteract an individuals own childhood experiences.Factors relating to the EnvironmentThe physical and social environment is chaotic, hazardous and unsafe a chaotic, unhygienic and non-safe environment can pose a risk to the child/young person through exposure to bacteria/disease or through exposure to hazards such as drug paraphernalia, unsecured chemicals, medication or alcohol.Conversely, an environment with overly hygienise conditions, where the childs needs are not recognised or prioritised is also harmful.4. Assessing the likely recurrence of ha rm.When assessing how safe a child is consideration must be given over to likelihood of recurrence of any previous harm.Factors for considerationThe severity of the harm (How serious was it? How long did it continue? How often?)In what form was the abuse / harm?Did the abuse have any accompanying neglect or psychological maltreatment?Sadistic acts?Was there any denial? This could include absence of acknowledgement, lack of co-operation, inability to form a partnership and absence of outreach.Are there issues with parental mental health? This could include personality disorder, learning disabilities associated with mental illness, psychosis, and substance/alcohol misuse.These also link to consideration of additional family stress factors, the degree of social support available to the family, the age of the children and number of children and the parents own history of abuse. new(prenominal) agencies may be able to add additional knowledge and expertise to inform an effective risk a ssessment.Looking at immediate and long-term risks in the context of the My World triangle.The Assessment TriangleBeing healthy Everyday care and helpLearning and achieving Keeping me safeBeing able to notify Being there for meConfidence in who I am Play, encouragement and funLearning to be responsible Guidance, supporting me to make the right choices suitable independent,looking by and by myself Knowing what is going to happen and whenEnjoying family andFriends Understanding my familys background and beliefsSupport from School Work opportunitiesfamily, friends and for my familyother people Enough money local resources BelongingComfortable andsafe housingAn important principle underpinning the evidence-based planning in Getting it Right for Every Child is that there are many an(prenominal) positive and negative influences in the worldeach child experiences. Each child is unique and will react differently to these influences but all children will react to what is going on in diffe rent parts of the familyand the wider world in which they are growing up. This is why recent thinking in child development urges that we take a look at all the different influences in a childswhole world when assessing childrens development. This is called a childs ecologyand is encapsulated in the My World triangle.Each domain of the My World triangle provides a source of evidence that enable a full developmental holistic assessment of any individual child. The domains can be used to identify strengths and pressures, which balance risk and protective factors.6. Using the Resilience Matrix to analyse the risks, strengths, protective factors and vulnerabilities.The Resilience Vulnerablity MatrixAs defined by Daniel and Wassell, (2002).RESILIENCENormal development under difficult conditions eg.secure attachment, outgoing temperament, sociability, problem solving skills.High Support / LowConcern preventive ENVIRONMENTFactors in the childs environment acting as buffer to the negative e ffects of adverse experience.ADVERSITYLife events / circumstances posing a threat to healthy development eg. loss, abuse, neglect.Low Support / HighConcernVULNERABILITYThose characteristics of the child, their family circle and wider community which might threaten or challenge healthy development eg. disability, racism, lack of or poor attachment.Low Support / High ConcernFamilies assessed to be in this category are the most worrying.Low Concern / High Support.Families in this group have a network of support and are generally more able to cope with advice and guidance from standard services.Resilience includes the protective factors that are features of the child or their world that might counteract identified risks or a predisposition to risk such asEmotional maturity and social awareness.Evidenced personal safety skills (including knowledge of sources of help).Strong self esteem.Evidence of strong attachment.Evidence of protective adults.Evidence of support networks (supportive pe ers / relationships).Demonstrable capacity for change by caregivers and the sustained acceptance of the need to change to protect their child.Evidence of openness and willingness to co-operate and accept professional intervention.Protective factors do not in themselves negate high risks, so these need to be cross-referred with individually identified high risks and vulnerabilities.Vulnerabilities are any known characteristic or factors in respect of the child that might predispose them to risk of harm. Examples of these includeAge.Prematurity.Learning difficulties or additional support needs.Physical disability.Communication difficulties / impairment.Isolation.Frequent episodes in public or substitute care.Frequent episodes of sackingning away.Conduct disorder.Mental health problems.Substance dependence / misuse.Self-harm and suicide attempts.Other high risk behaviours.The more vulnerabilities present (or the more serious one single vulnerability is) then the greater the predisposi tion to risk of harm. The presence of vulnerability in itself is neither conclusive nor predictive. These must be set alongside identified risk factors to be properly understood as part of an assessment process.7.Weighing the balance of that evidence and making decisions.Decisions now need to be made about what to do to address the needs relating to the childs safety. These decisions lead to a plan to protect the child. This plan should also address the childs broader developmental needs.Stages of decision-making information gatheringWeigh relative significanceAssessment of current situationCircumstances which may alter childs welfareProspects for changeCriteria for gauging effectivenessTimescale proposedChilds plan (child in need plan, child protection plan or care plan, depending on the status of the child).What Factors Reduce the Effectiveness of Risk Assessment?Poor integrated working practices between agencies and individuals.Lack of holistic assessment.Inadequate knowledge of signs, symptoms and child protection processes.Information that has not been shared.Difficulty in interpreting, or understanding, the information that is available.Difficulty in identifying what is significant.Difficulty in distinguishing fact from opinion.Difficulty in establishing linkage across available evidence.Working from assumptions rather than evidence.Over confidence in the certainty of an assessment.A loss of objectivity.Making Effective Risk AssessmentsAssess all areas of potential riskDefine the concern, abuse or neglectGrade the risksIdentify factors that may increase risk of harmConsider the nature of the risk its duration / severitySet out and agree time scales for the assessment to be carried outSpecifically document the identified risk factorsGather key information and evidenceHas all the required information been gathered?Assess the strengths in the situationCheck if any risk reducing factors exist?Build a detailed family history and chronology of key events/conc ernsAssess the motivation, capacity and prospects for change?What risk is associated with intervention?Be aware of potential sources of errorIdentify the need for specialist supportsPlan your key interventions.Constructing a plan and taking appropriate action.Constructing the childs plan is a fundamental part of the Getting it Right for Every Child (Scottish Executive, 2005) initiative. This specifies that there will be a plan for a child in any case where it is thought to be helpful. This can be in both a single agency and a multi-agency context. The assessment of risk and the management of risk is incorporated into the childs plan. This also includes an analysis of the child or young persons circumstances based on the My World triangle and should coverHow the child or young person is growing and developing (including their health, education, physical and mental development, behaviour and social skills).What the child or young person needs from the people who look after him / her, including the strengths and risks involvedThe strengths and pressures of the child or young persons wider world of family friends and community andAssessment of risk, detailingThe kind of risk involvedWhat is likely to trigger harmful behaviour andIn what circumstances the behaviour is most likely to happen.The plan should note risk low, medium or high as well as the impact of the child or young person on others. (Guidance on the Child or Young Persons Plan, Scottish Executive. 2007, page 13).The plan should address key questionsWhat is to be done?Who is to do it?How will we know if there are improvements?The Childs Plan should be monitored and reviewed and amended as need, circumstances and risks change. (Scottish Executive, 2007).Child Protection Case Conferences play a key role in the management of risk. A Child Protection Case Conference will be arranged, where it appears that there may be risk of significant harm to children within a household and there is a need to share and assess information to decide whether the childs name needs to be placed on the Child Protection Register and be subject to a Child Protection Plan. (Link to Part 4 NESCPC guidelines)9. Principles for Risk ManagementThere is a need to ensure that the ongoing shared planManages the riskPuts the decisions into a recorded form that clearly shows how and why decisions were reached.Makes the risk management an ongoing process that links with all areas of agreed and informed professional practice and expertise.Ensures that the decisions made have actions with named persons, clear timescales and review dates.Ensures that any agreed timescales can be reduced if new risks / needs become apparent.Ensures that new risk assessments and analysis inform reviews.Lessons from Significant Case Reviews.Significant Case Reviews repeatedly bring out warning signs that agencies have failed to react to which have should acted as indicators that children and young people at risk of serious harm. Example s includeChildren and young people who may be hidden from view are unavailable when professionals visit the family or are prevented from attending school or nursery.Parents who do not co-operate with services fail to take their children to routine health appointments and discourage professionals from visiting.Parents who are consistently hostile and aggressive to professionals and may threaten violence.Children and young people, who are in emotional or physical distress, but may be unable to verbalise this. Children and young people who are in physical pain (from an injury) may be told to sit or stand in a certain way when professionals visit the family or may hide injuries from view.Children and young people who have gone missing / run away (with or without their families).Workers should adopt an enquiring and investigative approach to risk assessment and not rely on parents or carers statements alone. Further corroboration of statements and challenging of parental views and percep tions is essential if to effectively determine the risk to the child or young person.Interventions should not be delayed until the completion of an assessment, but they have to be carried out in accordance with what is required to ensure the child or young persons safety, taking account of any indications of accelerated risks and warning signs. The type and level of intervention, disregarding of when it is made, must always be proportionate to the circumstances and risks faced by the child.Workers should pay particular concern to the rule of optimism. Many significant case reviews have illustrated that practitioners views can be strongly influenced by factors such as seeing indicators of progress or apparent compliance and co-operation. This does not, however, always mean that the child or young person is safe and such factors need to be balanced against the overall balance of evidence and actual risks.It is essential that those exercising professional judgement in relation to chil d protection take account of all multi-agency skills and expertise. This is of particular importance in relation to understanding of child development and the impact of child abuse and/or neglect on children and young people, both in the immediate and long term. Thus whilst immediate safety provisions have to be put in place, consideration must also be given to the longer term outcomes as a result of abuse or neglect.Significant case reviews highlight the importance of communication between all agencies that work either directly, or indirectly with children and/or their families.Thus it is imperative that gravid services MUST ALWAYS consider any potential risks for any child linked to their adult clients.Childrens services MUST ALWAYS ascertain whether any adult services may be involved with their child clients.All services MUST ALWAYS ensure there is effective communication where there are concerns about the protection of a child.Concerns relating to actual or potential harm should never be ignored and are an indication that immediate intervention might be needed to ensure the protection of the child from future harm. Decisions to protect children and young people should never be delayed and where applicable, emergency measures should be considered. (see Part 3 of NESCPC Guidelines).